Load math at 2M per day 2M orders/day: rates you can feel, then the disk horizon teaching numbers: 2M rows/day, 23.1/s avg, 231.5/s peak, 3 notifications per order rates per second (bars illustrative, values labelled) avg orders 23.1/s peak orders 231.5/s (10x) avg notifications 69.4/s peak notifications 694.4/s payload approx 1 KB: peak approx 0.7 MB/s, one queue is enough one box, years of headroom 2M rows/day x 1 KB = 2 GB/day 0.75 TB/year incl. indexes (teaching) 4 TB disk holds approx 5.4 years peak 231.5/s vs 5k/s tripwire: 20x headroom writes 20x below tripwire: stay single disk horizon: one 4 TB box at 0.75 TB/year (teaching) yr1 yr2 yr3 yr4 yr5 1 yr 2 yr 3 yr 4 yr 5 yr full 5.4 yr 4 TB / 0.75 TB per year = 5.4 years: the disk-horizon tripwire, decided in step 2 legend: blue = order rates, green = notification fan-out, peach = headroom, yellow = disk horizon